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key points:

• “A shell is a program whose primary purpose is to read commands and run other programs.”
• “This lesson uses Bash, the default shell in many implementations of Unix.”
• “Programs can be run in Bash by entering commands at the command-line prompt.”
• “The shell’s main advantages are its high action-to-keystroke ratio, its support for automating repetitive tasks, and its capacity to access networked machines.”
• “The shell’s main disadvantages are its primarily textual nature and how cryptic its commands and operation can be.”